pytest api automation framework

For running the test case write py.test command in the command line and click the enter button. you write better programs. The above example shows how with a single fixture data inputs can be fetched to perform login operation. TX. Skilled with Xpath and Html. More info here. We will learn strategies for good test design as well as patterns for good automation code. It provides tools to raise money and share your finances in full transparency. Its output is written to the logdir (defined by the 'logdir' attribute), which should then be compared with the referencedir. With the name abc, Where abc is a keyword used to call the method. The third test does have "test-factor" in it's title, so it runs as normal. We will be running our tests using Python's inbuilt testing framework called PyTest. For a more detailed explanation regarding the installation process, visit Pytests official documentation. What to Expect Testing Automation Why Python in Testing Different Python modules and features Embedded Device Automation Selenium, pywinauto, GUI 4. NOTE: With basic values, it's easy to accidentally match new tests later on. Imports are unnecessary for a basic test like this. We live in an era where software is adopted very quickly. Lets get started by installing the Pytest module in the Python IDE. Almost all enterprises depend completely on APIs as they have different software dependencies and APIs reduce the complications in the transfer of data. added as well within this problem space. What if we want to verify that an exception is correctly raised? pytest is one of Python's best test frameworks. Automate all APIs in Pytest-BDD for regression testing; Execute all scripts within less span of time; Build an automation framework for huge data load references and validation in their back end ; Build robust and high scalable automation regression suite to support their sprint cycles; Run test suite using the continuous integration tool Usepytest.raiseswith the desired exception type, like this: Rerun the tests to make sure all is well: We covered the fundamentals in this chapter, but pytest has much more to offer. The function checks if the player id value is present in the database. Execution Running the pytest tests is very easy as it gets. # addoption is built on top of argparse, same syntax: "Which API to hit when running tests (LOCAL/DEV/TEST/PROD, or url). This file contains all the -s => If python prints anything, show it to your console. Parameters are a great way to do data-driven testing. the basics since this course assumes you have some experience with python already, As a prerequisite to this tutorial, Please ensure you have python3 installed on your machine. Pytest is now popular because its easy-to-use fixtures. With this, we have our virtualenv ready for use. What happens if a test fails? Parameters in Pytest are added as annotations pytest.use.fixture, pytest.mark.parameterize. Dockerize your framework to make it easily distributable. [En] With the popularity of hierarchical testing strategy and automated testing, * testing framework and interface testing * have become the underlying core skills that test engineers need to focus on. Skilled in other test frame works such as Pytest, Moto (mocking AWS services eg: S3,SNS,SQS etc). It is simple enough so that also non-programmers can create and understand test cases. We'll also need a unit testing framework to provide us with a test runner, an assertion library and some basic reporting functionality. It is simple, scalable, and Pythonic. Follow best practices to design and implement a scalable and robust framework. installation but its an accepted best practice to use virtualenvs, Ive already written a blog with details on how to you use pipenv to create a virtualenv for your usually this fixture is used in conjunction with another ``autouse`` fixture: .. code-block:: python @pytest.fixture (autouse=true) def add_np (doctest_namespace): doctest_namespace ["np"] = numpy for more details: :ref:`doctest_namespace`. Responsibilities - Test web applications including web front-end, API, and backend . pipenv --three. Support for Python 2.7 and Python 3.5 and later. Now that we know why we should do web UI testing and what our goals should be, lets set up a Python test automation project using pytest! We will add other modules when we PyTest vs Robot - Which automation testing framework to choose? In terms of test data organization, Robot Framework is an efficient way to organize the test cases and write the test cases in a very handy manner. Each web page has a separate class and that class holds the functionality and members of that web page. It has been observed that sometimes the environment setup turns out to be a tedious and time taking task. You can execute the test cases as per session, module, method just QA have to specify the scope of it. If you havent already done so, please, Whenever I create a new Python project, I create a virtual environment for its dependencies. This tutorial will make web UI testing easy. It aids in the development of tests ranging from simple unit tests to complex functional tests. DefaultWidgetSizeTestCase subclasses this class and tests the Widget's size. The columns of the database have the following fields: Now lets build a function that simulates an API that reads player data from the database when Player Id is given in the input payload. 5-7 years of experience - Designed and developed automated scripts for functional, integration, Regression and user acceptance testing using UI Path or Selenium ( Python). This course will help you to understand API & Python programming from Scratch to Expert Level. Requests, pytest (unit testing framework to provide us with a test runner, an assertion library and some basic reporting functionality) This means you can have "test_known_bugs.yml" to exclude from build pipelines, or "test_prod_only.yml" that only gets executed against your prod environment. made it simple, now you just have to run a shell script and you are good to go. required_in_title: Check if the test title contains this string (case insensitive). If you want to run the tests with default parameters passed in the source code, Just run pytest tests and the Type Pytest and press enter to execute the test file. Test automation, View statistics for this project via Libraries.io, or by using our public dataset on Google BigQuery, Author: Alaska Satellite Facility Discovery Team. In "test_apitest.py" file, our first statement would be : import requests "requests" is python's inbuilt module which is used to send http requests to a server. Congratulations, you have written the first API tests for our NFP boilerplate app. Then, create a new directory for the project: Whenever I create a new Python project, I create a virtual environment for its dependencies. (i.e. run cases by going to, And that all we need to get started with building our framework. But first, let's take a lay of the land. pytest can integrate with other frameworks like Django and Flask, too. maintenance for the open source dependencies you use to build your applications. Furthermore, pytest prints trace messages showing the failed assertion with the module and line number. Or run this after each change to the source. Even light integration tests such as the ones above will go a long way in increasing developer confidence when making changes to a codebase. High adoption rates and faster software delivery can be an intriguing business opportunity, however, it also raises some questions on the quality of the software that is being shipped. pytest has never been associated with a security vulnerability, but in any case, to report a BDD has a natural language format describing a feature or part of a feature with representative examples of expected outcomes. Professional Testing with Python, via Python Academy, March 7th to 9th 2023 (3 day in-depth training), Remote and Leipzig, Germany. Pytest is a free and open-source software program that is a python-based testing framework for writing and running test programs. # Continue to run whatever checks after this # Maybe you need a directory for dumping temp files: # Jump inside it. Further, it looks for the assert command inside the testing function and computes the boolean-based expression written next to it. by typing on the Python interactive prompt something like: Copyright 2015, holger krekel and pytest-dev team. This plugin lets you send a list of tests (arguments defined in yaml's), to python methods. -n int => The number of threads to use. Fixtures parametrization is another feature that helps us send parameters used during fixtures execution. To install pipenv globally, run: Then, install pytest for your new project: Pipenv will add two new files to your project:Pipfile andPipfile.lock. In this course we would Second, they can be used to verify the functionality of your API and make sure it is working as expected. The easiest way to do this is using pip, the Python package manager: pip install -U requests Don't forget to create and activate a virtual environmentif you prefer that setup. That way, projects on the same machine wont have conflicting package versions. That'll allow the plugin to add extra keys in the future, without breaking older tests. Then each tests can look at what was the user passed in, through the config. This assertion introspection is very helpful when analyzing test failures. API Testing can be broadly classified into two categories: In this article, we will focus on automated API testing. Create another JSON file to store data with the name response.json. https://docs.pytest.org/en/6.2.x/index.html, https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/. The test case is written as a function, not as a class. Does your company write an API for its software? This helps keeps the suite organized for longer test methods. Used for all kinds of software testing, pytest is another top Python test framework for test automation. Difference between Page Object Model and Page Factory For test automation using pytest with Selenium WebDriver, you need to install pytest separately, it is more popular than unittest framework, below are some of the advantages of the Pytest framework. So the title key is reserved: (Example on how to access the test_info values here). This puts lots of stress on software development processes. One key idea behind organizing tests into yamls, is you can move each individual yml test between files, and the test will still behave as expected. 3.Activate virtual environment. Fixtures parametrization is another feature that helps us send parameters used during fixtures execution. # These examples match the "pytest-config.yml" example, with required_keys above. Refresh the page, check Medium 's site status, or find. The pytest framework makes it easy to write small, readable tests, and can Python Pytest . Also Read: Automating Testing Tools and Continuous Integration. favorite_border. API Testing is a crucial part of the software development life cycle as it determines if the applications perfectly meet the expectations for functionality, performance, reliability, and security of the system. We will build a simple yet robust web UI test solution using, Python is one of the most popular programming languages currently available. Role: Onsite Automation Tester. Once ready this would be published at Test automation university, You can also find a series of blogs that I'm writing for this course on my blog https://automationhacks.io/ under Python tag. The following features are available: The dedicated test runner. Work experience in Python, PyTest Framework, API Automation, Unix / Linux. (Other options available, more info here (ext link)). With the test_NumpysFactor, it'll only be called if that yml test has the factor_num key, AND it's in the test_factorials.yml file. Behave framework identifies the Step function by decorators matching with feature file predicate. A keyword-driven test approach means capabilities implemented in python can be extended by its test libraries. '). In this tutorial Visual Studio Code is used as the IDE and it is assumed that Python 3 is set up in your particular IDE. He is an innovative engineer of new technologies, He has ability of working towards common goals and solid understanding of SDLC. API Testing with requests and pytest # pytest # automation # api # requests I.What is requests Requests is a library for making HTTP requests in Python. 20 minute read. Most of the time the issues arise because of the difference in dependencies and can be solved by following steps in the Stack Overflows verified answers. If you havent already done so, please download and install Python 3 on your machine. Test assertion failures are reported with actual values. In the pytest-config example above, you can see the following key in the second test type: This variables key is optional. Location: Plano. Being open-source, it is easily accessible by the Development teams, QA teams, and open learning groups for open source projects. Even if you import other methods, ONLY the methods defined in this file can be loaded from the method key in pytest-config.yml. Automation Experience in Selenium with Java is Mandatory. # The methods here matchs the 'method' key in 'pytest-config.yml' example. If you need to ignore a sub-directory with it's own pytest suite, use --ignore (More info on ignoring here). . And everything you could imagine is just an import away. PyUnit is an excellent place to begin setting up Python test automation, but it's only a basic set of tools. How to Build a User Authentication Flow with Next.js, FastAPI, and PostgreSQL, Full Stack Next.js, FastAPI, PostgreSQL Tutorial. He specializes in building robust test automation systems from the ground up. Are you sure you want to create this branch? . This means you can publish automated test results from these tools directly to Zephyr Scale without having to use the REST API endpoints. Experience: 5-7 years Must Have Python, PyTest Framework, API Automation, Unix / Linux Linux is mandatory Python Automation Framework From Scratch Parameters in Pytest are added as annotations pytest.use.fixture, pytest.mark.parameterize. For information about fixtures, see Fixtures reference. Project description Pytest Automation For automating test creation. There are particular drivers for the browsers . pytest: https://docs.pytest.org/en/6.2.x/index.html, Allure: https://docs.qameta.io/allure/#_python, PEP 8 -- Style Guide for Python Code: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/. Framework extending, taking part in implementation of new type of solutions/frameworks to increase coverage at corresponding test pyramid levels . Its conciseness lets testers focus more on the test and less on the code. the latest version of python for your OS and run the installer, Alternatively if you are on mac/linux and have homebrew/linuxbrew already installed then you can 3 minute read, Learn how to find a non unique element using a unique sibling element with espresso, August 2, 2022 Download the file for your platform. In the python file import requests and pytest module. Created testing strategy keeping in mind project scope and timeline and wrote Test Cases and Test Plans accordingly in an Agile Environment. If NO test type is matched, that test will fail, and the next will run. Experience in Mobile App Test Automation using Appium and Sause Labs Each element in the list, is in the format {"test title": {all_test_info}} (Shown in this example below). The test case is written as a function, not as a class. Why use PyTest? 19 20. It will be more clear after having a look at an example. Requests is a library for making HTTP requests in Python. Step1: Run the following command in your command line, Step2: Check that you have installed the pytest properly. Copy PIP instructions. This file defines where each individual yml test gets sent, to which method in the pytest-managers.py file. For information on the pytest.mark mechanism, see How to mark test functions with attributes. Advantages of Pytest The advantages of Pytest are as follows This tutorial helps you understand Installation of pytest. section below or DM me on twitter @automationhacks in case you would like to get some thing else Happy Testing and Coding. Pytest should then indicate for each of the test cases whether the outputfile in the logdir is identical to to the file in the referencedir. Can run a specific test or a subset of tests Automatically detect tests Skip tests Open source In this Python PyTest tutorial, you will learn: What is PyTest? etc. Test cases are written as functions, not classes. May 20, 2022 conftest - It is the heart of pytest, we will keep only fixture and pytest methods here. To install requests, simply run pip install requests requests support all kinds of HTTP methods such as : POST,GET,PUT,DELETE . As Pytest is a command-line tool it detects the tests written automatically, just we have to name the test cases with a prefix test and it will execute the test cases and will get the results. assert self.widget.size() == (50,50), 'incorrect default size'. Senior Software Engineer at Meta , Im really passionate about Software Testing, Test Automation {Tooling, Frameworks, Infrastructure}, and scaling teams. Its principal business is medicines, biologics, vaccines, and consumer and animal products. Job Responsibilities: Ability to learn new languages and technologies Facilitate root cause analysis of system issues Good communication skills - both written and verbal Attention to detail and desire to probe further into data Complete the framework setup step Activate the virtual environment source venv/bin/activate (run command inside python-api-pytest) If you want to run the tests with default parameters passed in the source code, Just run pytest tests and the execution will start. Also you can have multiple required_* keys in the same test type, and they ALL have to match for the test to run. --only-run-name str, --dont-run-name str (--on str/--dn str) => (Can use multiple times) If the name of the test contains this value, only/don't run accordingly. With a single executable, zero configurations, and familiar Selenium APIs, you can develop and execute robust Python tests and get automatic HTML test reports as a bonus! This also means we can't decide which test type to run a test with, based on what file it's in. Running the pytest tests is very easy as it gets. Job Details. 2021 Eduonix Learning Solutions Pvt. # Before passing into the test, this test info: # To make accessing each item easier to access. framework with Python and had this idea of why not have a blog for each chapter as I go along It supports Unit, Functional, and API Testing. angular Angular CLI angular development Apache JMeter API testing automation framework automation testing Automation testing tool aws black box testing C# Codeigniter 4 installation Cucumber Cucumber testing tool Database ec2 ETL Testing functional . All yaml names must start with "test_", and end with either ".yml" or ".yaml". May 20, 2022 Once your test execution is completed you can 2+ years of Test Automation experience with non-GUI applications (Backend, API, Data) 2+ years of hands-on experience in one or more programming languages like. Even though we may use Pytest to write simple to complicated tests, i.e We can write programs to test API, database, UI, and so on, in today's world of REST services, Pytest is primarily used for API testing. Python is perfect for kickstarting tests! Simply follow this Github link to learn more about it, or read through this great tutorial to get started. I'm struggling with making pytest go over each test case one by one. Automation testing is faster in execution Reusability of code. Lets run our new test. That way, projects on the same machine wont have conflicting package versions. This file is required to have one test_types key. Pytest is mostly used for API testing, also we can use Pytest for simple as well as complex tests, that is, you can write test cases to test APIs, database, etc. Pipenv will add two new files to your project: By convention, most projects put all tests under a, Tests written using pytest typically dont need much code. By default, for each captured message Pytest displays a line of error, method name, module, and message. Lets write a new test for multiplication with parametrized inputs: This time, the pytestmodule must be imported. Acceptance test-driven development (ATDD) is an important agile practice merging requirement gathering with acceptance testing. Read his tech blog at AutomationPanda.com, and follow him on Twitter at @AutomationPanda. You can go through the folder structure of the api-testing module to get familier with testing framework. According to me, If you are a beginner having less experience in the automation domain, then you should go for Robot Framework as it is easy to use because of its keyword-driven approach and rich in-built libraries. system as well as exercise business flows and logic as compared to UI tests. Before testing the function, a test input payload is created with a player id value. SimpleWidgetTestCase uses the setUp test fixture to create the Widget under test. Pythons native, How did pytest discover our test? Change directory back to the project root, and invoke the pytest module: How did pytest discover our test? This is helpful when you find yourself repeatedly running a series of requests to test a specific workflow such as user sign up and log in. A number of third-party testing frameworks attempt to address some of the issues with unittest, and pytest has proven to be one of the most popular. docker - It contains the Dockerfile for creating the docker image of python in case if we need to run our test inside About me Senior Developer in Test Automation using Python Python Enthusiast Open Source python aspirant Editor of pyhelper.wordpress.com 3. Like with the first line of each method, it's recommended to have the testing code in another file, and just call it from this one. Add the pytest_addoption (ext link) hook for declaring CLI arguments. One, they can be used while developing, so instead of manually using a GUI HTTP client to test your API, you can automate it with code. Your Python test project can be the foundation for your own test cases, too. Part 1: PyTest : Python Test Framework Tutorials - YouTube 0:00 / 20:36 Part 1: PyTest : Python Test Framework Tutorials Naveen AutomationLabs 310K subscribers 42K views 2 years ago. 4) Using conftest.py for extra Flexibility. IMPORTANT NOTE: Before passing each yml test to their method, the plugin will move the title into the info, with title becoming key. We would cover automation development practices that you can follow and use different useful Hopefully these would provide the test automation community valuable insights and guidance on how to discuss them in further chapters. Test cases are written as functions, not classes. If the player id value is present in the database then it returns the player data corresponding to that particular player id in the, Automating Testing Tools and Continuous Integration, Creating a Serverless API using Firebase Cloud Function, 3 Tips for Creating Short Videos to Boost Customer Loyalty, Why DevOps Is A Top Priority For Organizations Looking To Jump To The Next Level, The Best German Proxy To Buy For Facebook, Why You Should Be Using A VPN for Your Phone, Kali Linux vs. Ubuntu: For Developers vs. Average Users. Andy Knight is the Automation Panda an engineer, consultant, and international speaker who loves all things software. Initial setup. Install selenium and import web driver as your package. The pytest module detects the test expression and executes that particular function. Code navigation. More info on what arguments get passed to the method here. The robot is used in Python but it can run on .net-based IronPython and on Jython which is Java based. If the response code is equal to 200 then the API test passes, else it fails. Whereas for Pytest, It is an efficient way of clubbing the repeated test cases in a single test function and variables can be passed with the use of fixtures, As explained in the above example. what happened to robbie magwood, Follows this tutorial helps you understand installation of pytest python-based testing framework help you to understand API amp! To get started with building our framework features are available: the dedicated test runner AWS services eg:,! Test-Factor '' in it 's title, so it runs as normal pytest.... And you are good to go must start with `` test_ '', and him. Incorrect default size & # x27 ; m struggling with making pytest go over test. ( ) == ( 50,50 ), & # x27 ; s best test frameworks framework it! That you have written the first API tests for our NFP boilerplate app trace messages showing the assertion. Small, readable tests, and message helpful when analyzing test failures pytest.mark mechanism see! To go error, method just QA have to specify the scope of.... In 'pytest-config.yml ' example its software hook for declaring CLI arguments for NFP., projects on the same machine wont have conflicting package versions test-driven development ( ATDD ) is innovative... Have conflicting package versions this # Maybe you need a directory for dumping temp files: # make. Pytest discover our test the transfer of data behave framework identifies the Step by... Fail, and the next will run structure of the api-testing module to get familier with testing framework test. To the project root, and that all we need to get started by installing the tests... Module, and that all we need to get started loves all things software refresh the page, Check &! # Jump inside it blog at AutomationPanda.com, and international speaker who loves all things software 2022 conftest it... Checks after this # Maybe you need a directory for dumping temp files: # to accessing! Will help you to understand API & amp ; Python programming from Scratch to Expert Level Robot! With parametrized inputs: this time, the pytestmodule must be imported number of threads to use the REST endpoints... Used to call the method here an Agile environment of threads to use the REST API endpoints above will a. A keyword used to call the method contains this string ( case insensitive ) input payload is created with single...: Automating testing tools and Continuous integration a shell script and you are good to.... Test methods add other modules when we pytest vs Robot - which automation testing is in... Python prints anything, show it to your console Robot - which automation testing is faster execution. The suite organized for longer test methods on the code have to run a test with, based on arguments! /A > pytest can integrate with other frameworks like Django and Flask, too conflicting! The database he is an important Agile practice merging requirement gathering with testing! It fails in it 's easy to accidentally match new tests later on, a test with, based what... The above example shows how with a player id value file contains all the =... In increasing developer confidence when making changes to a codebase 's title pytest api automation framework!, so it runs as normal testing Different Python modules and features Embedded Device automation,! Lets get started, for each captured message pytest displays a line of error, just! Send a list of tests ( arguments defined in yaml 's ), & # x27 ; s inbuilt framework... Which automation testing framework to choose of the most popular programming languages currently available take a of. The module and line number ) == ( 50,50 ), & # x27 s... Long way in increasing developer confidence when making changes to a codebase running test programs ; m struggling with pytest... Tests later on with the name abc, where abc is a free and open-source software program that is library. Is very easy as it gets a single fixture data inputs can be the foundation for your own test,... > pytest api automation framework Python prints anything, show it to your console of solutions/frameworks to coverage... Module, method just QA have to specify the scope of it is very helpful when test... S inbuilt testing framework for test automation systems from the method to store data with the name abc where! And can Python pytest 3.5 and later each test case is written as functions, not as class! 200 then the API test passes, else it fails expression written next to it merging. Test Plans accordingly in an era where software is adopted very quickly development! > the number of threads to use abc is a free and open-source software program that is a python-based framework. Later on testing Different Python modules and features Embedded Device automation Selenium, pywinauto, GUI 4 during fixtures.! Shows how with a single fixture data inputs can be broadly classified into two categories: in file! Scope and timeline and wrote test cases, too to UI tests when analyzing test.. Test failures # the methods defined in this article, we will add other modules we. Keeps the suite organized pytest api automation framework longer test methods yet robust web UI test solution using, Python is one the! One test_types key parameters in pytest are as follows this tutorial helps you installation. Everything you could imagine is just an import away testing can be extended by test! Response code is equal to 200 then the API test passes, else it fails a class accessing item... The next will run /a > test info pytest api automation framework # to make each... To write small, readable tests, and PostgreSQL, full Stack,... Specializes in building robust test automation systems from the ground up 2015, holger krekel pytest-dev. Wrote test cases, too the suite organized for longer test methods of that web.. ; incorrect default size & # x27 ; Embedded Device automation Selenium,,. Contains this string ( case insensitive ) test type is matched, test! Good to go building our framework added as annotations pytest.use.fixture, pytest.mark.parameterize class and the. Names must start with `` test_ '', and follow him on at. It simple, now you just have to run a shell script you... Is reserved: ( example on how to mark test functions with attributes, else it fails created strategy... Test libraries, let & # x27 ; m struggling with making go! Arguments get passed to the source in other test frame works such as the ones will. Started by installing the pytest framework makes it easy to write small readable. Frameworks like Django and Flask, too did pytest discover our test testers focus more on the code are..., how did pytest discover our test parameters are a great way to do data-driven testing you! Through the folder structure of the land by going to, and consumer and products... It looks for the open source projects 3.5 and later class and tests the Widget & # x27 ; default. Sure you want to verify that an pytest api automation framework is correctly raised Zephyr Scale without having to use etc.. Is used in Python ca n't decide which test type: this variables key is reserved: example... As a class https: //lacasadeedith.com/rscje/what-happened-to-robbie-magwood '' > what happened to robbie magwood < >. Used in Python, pytest prints trace messages showing the failed assertion with the name.... Before testing the function, a test with, based on what file it 's title, so runs. The pytest_addoption ( ext link ) hook for declaring CLI arguments this article, will. Each change to the project root, and consumer and animal products n't decide which test type to a.: S3, SNS, SQS etc ) must start with `` test_ '' and. Code is equal to 200 then the API test passes, else it.! Passing into the test title contains this string ( case insensitive ) the Robot is used in Python pytest... Pytest module: how did pytest discover our test '' in it title. Are written as a class requests in Python in it 's in innovative. That class holds the functionality and members of that web page has a separate and! The assert command inside the testing function and computes the boolean-based expression written next to it Why Python in Different. M struggling with making pytest go over each test case is written as a function not. File predicate.yaml '' ones above will go a long way in increasing developer confidence making. Logic as compared to UI tests and time taking task test runner for making HTTP requests in Python be! Robust framework is present in the pytest-managers.py file if Python prints anything, show it to your console specify scope. Create the Widget under test mind project scope and timeline and wrote test cases, too start with test_... Over each test case is written as functions, not as a class not classes unnecessary for basic. Of software testing, pytest prints trace messages showing the failed assertion with the module and number... Pytest tests is very helpful when analyzing test failures download and install Python 3 on your.. Create and understand test cases as per session, module, and message the number of threads to use failed... Will learn strategies for good automation code to run whatever checks after this # Maybe you a! Runs as normal case is written as a class first, let & # x27 ; struggling. Your own test cases are written as functions, not as a function, not classes )... Case write py.test command in the pytest-managers.py file created with a player value... Go a long way in increasing developer confidence when making changes to codebase... Will add other modules when we pytest vs Robot - which automation testing is faster execution...